Replace Asphalt Shingle Roof

So, you’re thinking about replacing your asphalt shingle roof? That’s a big decision, and a significant home improvement project. Asphalt shingles are the most popular roofing material in North America for a reason – they’re relatively affordable, durable, and come in a wide range of styles and colors. However, even the best asphalt shingle roof won’t last forever. This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about replacing your asphalt shingle roof, from determining when it’s time for a replacement to understanding the installation process and choosing the right contractor. We’ll cover potential costs, material options, and even some DIY considerations (though we strongly recommend professional installation for most homeowners).

When is it Time to Replace Your Asphalt Shingle Roof?

Knowing when to replace your roof isn’t always obvious. Sometimes the signs are clear – like a gaping hole after a storm – but often the deterioration is more gradual. Here are some key indicators that your asphalt shingle roof needs replacing:

Age of the Roof

This is the most basic indicator. Most asphalt shingle roofs have a lifespan of 15-30 years, depending on the quality of the shingles, the climate, and the installation quality. If your roof is approaching or exceeding this age range, it’s time to start seriously considering a replacement. Even if it *looks* okay, the underlying materials may be deteriorating, leaving you vulnerable to leaks and other problems down the road. Remember, regular maintenance and inspections can extend the lifespan, but eventually, gravity and the elements will win.

Missing, Cracked, or Curled Shingles

This is a more visual sign of trouble. Missing shingles expose the underlayment to the elements, which can lead to leaks and water damage. Cracked shingles are weakened and more susceptible to further damage from wind and rain. Curled shingles are a sign that the shingles are drying out and losing their flexibility, making them more prone to cracking and breaking. Check your roof regularly for these issues. Binoculars can be helpful for inspecting hard-to-reach areas from the ground. If you see a significant number of damaged shingles, it’s a clear sign that your roof is nearing the end of its lifespan.

Granule Loss

Asphalt shingles are covered in granules that protect the asphalt from UV rays and provide fire resistance. Over time, these granules will begin to loosen and wash away. You’ll typically find these granules in your gutters or at the base of your downspouts. Some granule loss is normal, especially in the early years of the roof’s life. However, excessive granule loss is a sign that the shingles are losing their protective layer and are becoming more vulnerable to the elements. Significant granule loss shortens the lifespan of the shingles and contributes to a faded, worn appearance.

Leaks in Your Attic

This is a serious sign that your roof is failing. Water stains on your ceiling or walls, or dampness in your attic, indicate that water is penetrating the roof. These leaks can cause significant damage to your home’s structure, including wood rot, mold growth, and damage to insulation. Don’t ignore leaks! They’re a clear indication that your roof needs immediate attention. Trace the leak back to its source in the attic to get a better idea of the extent of the damage. A professional roofer can pinpoint the source of the leak and assess the overall condition of your roof.

Sagging Roof Deck

A sagging roof deck is a sign of structural problems, which can be caused by water damage, rot, or improper installation. This is a serious issue that needs to be addressed immediately. A sagging roof deck is not only unsightly but also potentially dangerous, as it could collapse under the weight of snow or other loads. If you notice any sagging in your roof, contact a professional roofer or structural engineer right away.

Moss or Algae Growth

While moss and algae may not immediately cause leaks, they can trap moisture against the shingles, leading to deterioration over time. They can also make your roof look unsightly. In some cases, moss and algae growth can indicate underlying problems with the roof’s ventilation or drainage. While you can clean your roof to remove moss and algae, it’s important to address the underlying cause to prevent it from returning. Consider installing zinc or copper strips near the ridge of your roof, as these metals release chemicals that inhibit moss and algae growth.

High Energy Bills

A damaged or deteriorating roof can lead to increased energy bills. If your roof is not properly insulated or if it has leaks, it can allow heat to escape in the winter and cool air to escape in the summer. This forces your HVAC system to work harder to maintain a comfortable temperature, resulting in higher energy bills. A new roof with proper insulation can significantly improve your home’s energy efficiency and save you money on your utility bills.

Neighboring Roofs Being Replaced

While not a direct indicator of your roof’s condition, if you notice that many of your neighbors are replacing their roofs, it could be a sign that the roofs in your area are reaching the end of their lifespan due to similar weather patterns and original construction. This can be a good reminder to inspect your own roof and consider its age and condition.

Types of Asphalt Shingles

Once you’ve determined that it’s time to replace your roof, you’ll need to choose the type of asphalt shingles you want to use. There are several different types of asphalt shingles available, each with its own advantages and disadvantages:

3-Tab Shingles

3-tab shingles are the most basic and affordable type of asphalt shingle. They are characterized by their uniform shape and appearance, with three distinct tabs. 3-tab shingles are typically less durable than other types of asphalt shingles, with a lifespan of 15-20 years. They are a good option for homeowners on a tight budget or for roofs with a simple design.

Architectural Shingles (Dimensional Shingles)

Architectural shingles, also known as dimensional shingles or laminated shingles, are a more premium option than 3-tab shingles. They are made with multiple layers of asphalt, which creates a thicker, more durable shingle with a more dimensional appearance. Architectural shingles are typically more expensive than 3-tab shingles, but they offer a longer lifespan (25-30 years) and better wind resistance. They also come in a wider variety of styles and colors, allowing you to create a more custom look for your roof. Their textured look can also help to hide minor imperfections in the roof deck.

Luxury Shingles

Luxury shingles are the highest-end type of asphalt shingle. They are designed to mimic the look of natural materials like slate or cedar shake, but at a lower cost. Luxury shingles are typically the thickest and most durable type of asphalt shingle, with a lifespan of 30+ years. They are also the most expensive option, but they can significantly enhance the curb appeal of your home and provide superior protection from the elements. They are often heavier than other types of shingles, which may require additional structural support.

Impact-Resistant Shingles

These shingles are designed to withstand impacts from hail and other debris. They are a good option for homeowners in areas that are prone to severe weather. Impact-resistant shingles often carry a higher rating for wind resistance as well. While more expensive than standard shingles, they can potentially lower your insurance premiums in some areas.

Cool Roof Shingles

Cool roof shingles are designed to reflect more sunlight than traditional shingles, which can help to reduce your home’s cooling costs. They are available in a variety of colors and styles. Look for shingles with a high solar reflectance index (SRI) rating. These shingles can be particularly beneficial in warmer climates.

Factors to Consider When Choosing Shingles

Choosing the right type of asphalt shingle for your roof depends on several factors, including:

Budget

The cost of asphalt shingles can vary significantly depending on the type of shingle you choose. 3-tab shingles are the most affordable option, while luxury shingles are the most expensive. Consider your budget and choose a shingle that fits within your price range without sacrificing quality or durability.

Climate

The climate in your area will also affect the type of shingle you choose. If you live in an area with harsh weather conditions, such as high winds or heavy snow, you’ll need to choose a more durable shingle that can withstand these conditions. Impact-resistant shingles are a good option for areas prone to hail. Cool roof shingles are a good option for warmer climates.

Aesthetics

The appearance of your roof is an important consideration. Choose a shingle that complements the style of your home and enhances its curb appeal. Asphalt shingles come in a wide variety of colors and styles, so you can easily find one that matches your taste.

Warranty

Check the warranty that comes with the shingles. A longer warranty provides more peace of mind and protects you against defects in materials or workmanship. Be sure to read the fine print of the warranty to understand what is covered and what is not.

Homeowners Association (HOA) Restrictions

If you live in a neighborhood with a Homeowners Association, they may have restrictions on the types of roofing materials that are allowed. Be sure to check with your HOA before making any decisions about your new roof.

The Roof Replacement Process

Replacing an asphalt shingle roof is a complex process that should ideally be handled by a qualified professional. Here’s a general overview of what to expect:

1. Roof Inspection and Estimate

The first step is to have a professional roofer inspect your roof and provide you with an estimate for the replacement. The roofer will assess the condition of your existing roof, identify any problems, and recommend the best type of shingles for your needs. They will also provide you with a detailed estimate that includes the cost of materials, labor, and any other associated expenses. Get multiple estimates from different roofing contractors to compare prices and services. Be sure to ask about their experience, insurance, and licensing.

2. Permitting

In most jurisdictions, you’ll need to obtain a permit before you can begin replacing your roof. The roofing contractor will typically handle the permitting process for you, but it’s important to make sure that all necessary permits are obtained before work begins. Failure to obtain the required permits can result in fines or delays.

3. Tear-Off

The next step is to remove the old shingles from your roof. This is a messy and labor-intensive process. The contractor will typically use hand tools and specialized equipment to remove the shingles, underlayment, and any other roofing materials down to the bare roof deck. All debris will be removed and disposed of properly. Be prepared for some noise and disruption during this phase of the project.

4. Roof Deck Inspection and Repair

Once the old shingles have been removed, the contractor will inspect the roof deck for any damage or rot. If any damage is found, it will need to be repaired before the new shingles can be installed. This may involve replacing damaged plywood or OSB sheathing. Addressing any underlying problems with the roof deck is crucial to ensuring the longevity of your new roof.

5. Underlayment Installation

The underlayment is a layer of waterproof material that is installed over the roof deck. It provides an extra layer of protection against leaks and helps to prevent water damage to your home. There are different types of underlayment available, including felt paper and synthetic underlayment. Synthetic underlayment is typically more durable and water-resistant than felt paper.

6. Flashing Installation

Flashing is metal sheeting that is installed around chimneys, vents, skylights, and other roof penetrations. It helps to prevent water from entering your home at these vulnerable areas. The contractor will install new flashing or replace any damaged flashing during the roof replacement process. Proper flashing is essential for preventing leaks.

7. Shingle Installation

The final step is to install the new asphalt shingles. The contractor will carefully install the shingles according to the manufacturer’s instructions, ensuring that they are properly aligned and secured. The shingles will be nailed or stapled to the roof deck. Proper installation is crucial for ensuring the longevity and performance of your new roof.

8. Cleanup

After the shingles have been installed, the contractor will clean up the job site and remove all debris. They will also inspect the roof to make sure that everything is properly installed and that there are no leaks. A thorough cleanup is essential for leaving your property in good condition.

Cost of Replacing an Asphalt Shingle Roof

The cost of replacing an asphalt shingle roof can vary depending on several factors, including:

Roof Size and Complexity

The larger and more complex your roof, the more it will cost to replace. Roofs with multiple gables, valleys, and dormers require more labor and materials.

Type of Shingles

As mentioned earlier, the cost of asphalt shingles can vary significantly depending on the type of shingle you choose. 3-tab shingles are the most affordable option, while luxury shingles are the most expensive.

Labor Costs

Labor costs can vary depending on the location and the experience of the roofing contractor. It’s important to get multiple estimates from different contractors to compare prices.

Underlying Damage

If your roof deck or other underlying structures are damaged, you’ll need to factor in the cost of repairs.

Removal and Disposal Costs

The cost of removing and disposing of the old roofing materials will also be included in the total cost.

Permitting Fees

Permitting fees can vary depending on the location.

As a general estimate, you can expect to pay anywhere from $3.50 to $7.00 per square foot for an asphalt shingle roof replacement. This includes the cost of materials and labor. For a typical 2,000 square foot roof, this would translate to a cost of $7,000 to $14,000. It’s always best to get a detailed estimate from a qualified roofing contractor.

Finding a Reputable Roofing Contractor

Choosing the right roofing contractor is crucial for a successful roof replacement project. Here are some tips for finding a reputable contractor:

Get Referrals

Ask your friends, family, neighbors, or colleagues for referrals. Personal recommendations are often the best way to find a reliable contractor.

Check Online Reviews

Read online reviews on websites like Google, Yelp, and Angie’s List. Pay attention to both positive and negative reviews.

Verify Licensing and Insurance

Make sure that the contractor is licensed and insured. A licensed contractor has met certain requirements and is qualified to perform roofing work. Insurance protects you from liability in case of accidents or damage to your property.

Get Multiple Estimates

Get estimates from at least three different contractors. Compare prices, services, and warranties.

Ask Questions

Don’t be afraid to ask questions. A reputable contractor will be happy to answer your questions and address your concerns.

Check References

Ask the contractor for references and contact them to see if they were satisfied with the contractor’s work.

Get a Written Contract

Make sure to get a written contract that clearly outlines the scope of work, the cost, the payment schedule, and the warranty.

DIY Roof Replacement: Proceed with Caution

While it’s technically possible to replace your asphalt shingle roof yourself, it’s a challenging and potentially dangerous project. We strongly recommend hiring a professional roofing contractor for most homeowners. Roof work requires specialized knowledge, skills, and equipment. It also involves working at heights, which can be dangerous. If you’re not experienced in roofing work, you could easily injure yourself or damage your property.

However, if you’re an experienced DIYer and you’re comfortable working at heights, you may be able to tackle a small roof replacement project. Before you start, make sure that you have the necessary tools and equipment, including a ladder, safety harness, roofing hammer, utility knife, and work gloves. You’ll also need to obtain the necessary permits. Be sure to follow all safety precautions and wear appropriate protective gear. Consult with a professional roofer or watch instructional videos before you begin.

Keep in mind that DIY roof replacement can void the warranty on your shingles. It can also be difficult to get insurance coverage if something goes wrong. Weigh the risks and benefits carefully before deciding whether to DIY your roof replacement.

Maintaining Your New Asphalt Shingle Roof

Once your new asphalt shingle roof is installed, it’s important to maintain it properly to extend its lifespan. Here are some tips for maintaining your roof:

Regular Inspections

Inspect your roof at least twice a year, preferably in the spring and fall. Look for any signs of damage, such as missing, cracked, or curled shingles. Check for granule loss in your gutters.

Clean Your Gutters

Clean your gutters regularly to prevent them from becoming clogged with leaves, twigs, and other debris. Clogged gutters can cause water to back up onto your roof, leading to leaks and water damage.

Trim Trees

Trim any trees that are hanging over your roof. Overhanging branches can damage your shingles and drop leaves and debris onto your roof.

Remove Moss and Algae

If you notice moss or algae growth on your roof, remove it with a gentle cleaning solution. Avoid using harsh chemicals or power washing, as these can damage your shingles.

Repair Leaks Promptly

If you notice any leaks, repair them promptly to prevent further damage. Contact a professional roofer to inspect and repair the leak.

Ventilation

Ensure proper attic ventilation. This helps regulate temperature and moisture, preventing damage to the roof deck and extending the life of your shingles.

In Conclusion

Replacing your asphalt shingle roof is a significant investment, but it’s an important one for protecting your home and maintaining its value. By understanding the signs that your roof needs replacing, choosing the right type of shingles, hiring a reputable contractor, and maintaining your new roof properly, you can ensure that your roof will provide you with many years of reliable service. Don’t hesitate to consult with a professional roofing contractor to discuss your specific needs and get a detailed estimate. A well-maintained roof is a key component of a healthy and happy home.